Variable names are case sensitive and cannot contain special characters such as a period “.”. The first character of a variable name cannot be an underscore “_”.
Column names are case sensitive and can contain special characters. However, if a column name contains a blank space, the data must be given in CSV format, and a special argument, /csv, must be given to the engine.
Column values (text or numeric) cannot contain a comma (‘,’).
Line boundaries are not significant. Statements can span multiple lines, except for comments. Characters that denote comments include.
# comment… end-of-line (R convention)
/* comment… */ (multi-line, non-nesting, C convention)
// comment… end-of-line (C++ convention)
Block delimiters: { …} (curly brackets, R convention)
Statement delimiter: An optional semicolon (R convention)
Sub-statement delimiter: An optional comma
Assignment operators:
“=” sign (R convention)
“<-” (R convention)
Declaration of variables: Variable types are double precision, so scoping is not needed (R convention). Variables are of two types:
Declared variables are introduced by a declaration, such as deriv or real. These can be changed at points in time, such as in sequence statements.
Functional variables are introduced by being assigned at the top level of a model, such as C=A1/V1. They are regarded as being computed “all of the time.”
Model member reference: Models inherently act as structure. “$” is the model component reference operator (R convention)
Real numbers: Although the Pharmacometrics Modeling Language uses the real variable for designating real numbers, double is also acceptable.
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